General surgery

General surgery in China’s leading hospitals is organised into sub-specialty teams for the liver and biliary tract, pancreas, stomach and colon, thyroid and breast, and vascular disease. Very high case volumes give surgeons broad experience with complex operations such as pancreaticoduodenectomy and major liver resection.

Minimally invasive and robotic surgery is routine at the top centres, and most cancer operations are planned with oncologists and radiologists in multidisciplinary meetings.